Urine Protein to Creatinine Ratio
Estimates proteinuria from a single urine sample without a 24 hour collection.
When to use
Proteinuria assessment in adults with chronic kidney disease or suspected glomerulopathy.
Pearls and pitfalls
- The single sample ratio replaces the 24 hour collection in most cases.
- Values near the cutoff can vary with hydration, exercise and urinary infection.
- The albumin to creatinine ratio is preferred for albuminuria; the protein to creatinine ratio includes other proteins.
- Confirm persistence in at least two samples before staging kidney disease.
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Formula
Ratio (mg/mg) = urine protein (mg/dL) / urine creatinine (mg/dL).
Evidence
Ratio recommended by kidney guidelines to estimate protein excretion in a single sample.
References
- National Kidney Foundation. KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3(1):1-150. https://kdigo.org/guidelines/ckd-evaluation-and-management/
Frequently asked questions
What is Urine Protein to Creatinine Ratio?
Estimates proteinuria from a single urine sample without a 24 hour collection. Proteinuria assessment in adults with chronic kidney disease or suspected glomerulopathy.
How is the result calculated?
Ratio (mg/mg) = urine protein (mg/dL) / urine creatinine (mg/dL).
How should the result be interpreted?
Ratio recommended by kidney guidelines to estimate protein excretion in a single sample.
What are the sources?
National Kidney Foundation. KDIGO 2012 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Suppl. 2013;3(1):1-150.