ABC Score for Massive Transfusion
Predicts massive transfusion need in trauma with four bedside items.
When to use
Adults with severe trauma on arrival, to rapidly estimate massive transfusion risk.
Pearls and pitfalls
- The score uses penetrating mechanism, hypotension, tachycardia and positive FAST.
- Two or more criteria indicate high risk and support protocol activation.
- It is a rapid triage score and does not replace clinical assessment of bleeding.
- FAST is operator dependent and should be interpreted in the trauma context.
0/4 criteria
Low risk of massive transfusion
Keep serial reassessment and activate the protocol if deterioration occurs.
Formula
Add 1 point for each present item: penetrating mechanism, SBP 90 or less, HR 120 or more and positive FAST.
Evidence
Score derived to predict massive transfusion early in trauma patients.
References
- Nunez TC, Voskresensky IV, Dossett LA, Shinall R, Dutton WD, Cotton BA. Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC (assessment of blood consumption)? J Trauma. 2009;67(1):42-48. doi:10.1097/TA.0b013e3181a51e0b
Frequently asked questions
What is ABC Score for Massive Transfusion?
Predicts massive transfusion need in trauma with four bedside items. Adults with severe trauma on arrival, to rapidly estimate massive transfusion risk.
How is the result calculated?
Add 1 point for each present item: penetrating mechanism, SBP 90 or less, HR 120 or more and positive FAST.
How should the result be interpreted?
Score derived to predict massive transfusion early in trauma patients.
What are the sources?
Nunez TC, Voskresensky IV, Dossett LA, Shinall R, Dutton WD, Cotton BA. Early prediction of massive transfusion in trauma: simple as ABC (assessment of blood consumption)? J Trauma. 2009;67(1):42-48.